Me zai biyo bayan ɓarkewar ƙasashen Nijar, Mali da Burkina Faso daga kungiyar ECOWAS?

A cikin makon nan ne ƙasashe uku da ke ƙarƙashin mulkin soji suka kammala ficewa daga ƙungiyar Ecowas a hukumance bayan sama da shekara guda ana tata-ɓurza.

Ficewar ƙasashen Mali da Burkina Faso da Nijar ba ƙaramin abu ba ne ga Ecowas, wanda a shekara 50 da suka gabata ake yi wa kallon ƙungiya mafi girma da tasiri a yankin.

An fara musayar yawu ne bayan ƙasashen uku sun ƙi amincewa da komawa mulkin dimokuraɗiyya.

A ranar Laraba Ecowas ta ce za ta bar “ƙofarta a buɗe” ga ƙasashen uku, idan suka yanke shawarar komawa cikinta.

Ecowas – wadda ke nufin ƙungiyar raya tattalin arzikin ƙasashen Afika ta yamma – an ƙirƙire ta ne a shekarar 1975 domin samun haɗakar inganta tattalin arziki da harkokin siyasar ƙasashen Afirka ta yamma.

Kafin ranar ta Laraba, ƙungiyar tana da ƙasashe 15, ciki har da Najeriya da Ghana da Ivory Coast da Senegal.

Ƴan ƙasar da ke cikin Ecowas na da izinin shiga da yin aiki a duk wata ƙasa da ke cikin ƙungiyar, sannan ana harkokin kasuwanci cikin sauƙi a tsakani.

Alaƙa ta fara tsami ne tsaƙanin Ecowas da ƙasashen tun bayan da sojoji suka ƙwace mulki: Mali a 2020, Burkina Faso a 2022 da kuma Nijar a shekarar 2023.

Bayan juyin mulkin Nijar, sai Ecowas ta ƙaƙaba takunkumi a kan ƙasar, ciki har da kulle bakin iyakoki, da hana zirga-zirga jiragen sama da sauransu.

Ecowas ta kuma yi barazanar yin amfani da ƙarfin soji domin kutsawa Nijar su dawo da mulkin dimokuraɗiyya.

Nan ne Mali da Burkina Faso suka caccaki Ecowas da abin da suka kira “rashin adalci”, sannan suka yi alƙawarin tallafa wa Nijar idan sojoji suka faɗa mata.

Bayan dakatar da su daga Ecowas, sai ƙasashen uku suka mayar da martani, inda suka bayar da wa’adin ficewa daga ƙungiyar cikin shekara guda.

An yi ta tattaunawa tsakanin ƙasashen uku da Ecowas tun lokacin, amma ba a samu nasara ba.

Ƙasashen sun zargi Ecowas da alaƙa da ƙasashen yammacin Turai, su kuma sai suka fara ƙulla alaƙa da Rasha.

A cewar ƙasashen, yanzu za su fi cin moriyar gashin kansu da ma ƴanci daga ƙungiyar da suke ganin tana da wani ƙulli na ɓoye.

Amma masana suna ganin Nijar da Mali da Burkina Faso za su fuskanci ƙalubale, saboda ƙasashe ne marasa ƙarfi da tattalin arzikinsu ya ta’allaƙa kan maƙwabtansu na Afirka ta yamma.

Duk da cewa Ecowas ta zayyana matakan da za a bi domin cigaba da alaƙa da ƙasashe uku, ta ce za ta cigaba da amfani da fasfo da katinan shaidar zama ƴan ƙasashen uku masu ɗauke da tambarin Ecowas.

Haka kuma ƙasashen za su cigaba da kasancewa cikin ƙasashen da ake gudanar da harkokin kasuwanci ba tare da shinge ba.

Shi ma shugaban ƙungiyar AES, Assimi Goita, wanda shi ne shugaban mulkin soji na Mali, ya ce za su cigaba da maraba da ƴan ƙasashen ƙungiyar Ecowas a ƙasashensu.

Iliyasu Gadu, wani masanin harkokin ƙasashen waje ne a Najeriya, ya shaida wa BBC cewa, “shugabannin ƙasashen sun ɗauki matakin irin cewa: ‘mun fice daga ƙungiyar, amma muna so a cigaba da mu’amala. Ba za mu kulle bakin iyakokinmu ba’ saboda sun san idan suka yi hakan, za su fi cutuwa.”

Ecowas na taimakon Mali da Burkina Faso da Nijar domin yaƙi da ta’addanci, amma yanzu wataƙila a daina ba su wannan gudunmuwar.

Sai dai yanzu ƙasashen uku suna samun tallafin makamai da sojojin haya daga Rasha, amma dai ƴanbindigar na cigaba da kai hare-hare kan sojoji da fararen hula a ƙasashen.

Ecowas za ta rasa mutum miliyan 76 daga cikin mutum 446 ɗinta da kuma rasa ƙasa mai faɗin gaske.

Haka kuma ana fargabar ficewar za ta rage ƙarfin haɗin kai da ke tsakanin ƙasashen yankin da ma mutane, wanda zai iya kawo tsaiko ga yaƙi da rashin tsaro.

Shugaban gudanarwar kamfanin dillancin labarai na Associated Press na yankin Sahel ya ce, “ƙasashe uku da suka fi talauci a ƙungiyar sun fice, sannan sakacin Ecowas na barin ƙasashen su fice ya sa mutane suna ganin kamar Ecowas ɗin ce ta gaza.”

A ranar Talata, wasu mutane sun fito a ƙasashen uku inda suka gudanar da gangamin murnar ficewar.

Amma ba kowa ba ne ke goyon bayan juyin mulkin a ƙasashen.

Omar Hama daga Nijar ya ce ya so a ce ƙasashen sun cigaba da tsayawa a cikin ƙungiyar Ecowas, sannan sai su assasa ta AES ɗin.

Fatouma Harber, ƴar jarida ce a ƙasar Mali, ta bayyana rashin jin daɗinta, inda ta ce matakin zai iya jawo matsalar koma-baya a tattalin arzikin ƙasashen uku.

“Amma idan AES ɗin za ta zo mana da alkairi, hakan ba laifi ba ne,” in ji ta.

Zabeirou Issa, wanda yake zaune a Bamako, babban birnin Mali, ya ce, “Ecowas ba ta da wani ƙarfi, ƙasashen yammacin duniya ne suke jan akalar ƙungiyar. Na ji daɗin matakin nan.”

A Ouagadougou, babban birnin Burkina Faso, Cisse Kabore ya shaida wa BBC cewa ta so a ce ƙasarta ta cigaba da zama a cikin Ecowas.

A watan jiya, Ecowas ta ce za ta ba Nijar da Burkia Faso da Mali ƙarin wa’adin wata shida ko za ta sake shawara.

Sai dai a wani taron manema labarai a ranar Laraba, shugaban gudanarwa na Ecowas, Alieu Touray ya ce: “duk ƙasar da ta ga dama za ta iya dawowa ƙungiyar a duk lokacin da take so.”

Tuni ƙasashen uku suka fitar da fasfo ɗinsu na bai-ɗaya, sannan sun ƙirƙiri rundunar soji mai mutum 5,000 domin yaƙi da ƴanbindiga masu ikirarin jihadi.