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- Marubuci, Chris Ewokor
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A cika shekaru 50 da kafuwar, ECOWAS ta fuskanci faɗi-tashi da dama da nasarori da ƙalubale kamar mutum da shekarunsa suka fara nesa.
Ministan harkokin wajen Najeriya, Ambasada Yusuf Tuggar, ya ce: “Sau tari ba mu godiya kan nasarorin da muka samu.”
An fara tunanin kafa ƙungiyar ta ƙasashen yammacin Afirka ne bayan shugabannin yankin sun ga yadda za su dunƙule waje guda domin ƙarfafa haɗin kai da bunƙasar tattalin arziki.
A ranar 28 ga watan Mayun 1975, aka kafa ƙungiyar bunƙasa tattalin arzikin ƙasashen yammacin Afirka (ECOWAS) lokacin da shugabannin ƙasashen yankin suka sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar kafa ta a Lagos.
Ƙudirin su shi ne inganta alaƙar kasuwanci da bunƙasa haɗa-hadar jama’a da tabbatar da zaman lafiya da tsaro.
Bari in ɗauka, cewa jama’ar yankin sun fuskanci abubuwa da dama masu kamanceceniya da suka haɗa da cinikin bayi da rashin ci gaba, wanda ya janyo tunanin kafa ƙungiyar.
Amma yayin da ECOWAS ke cika shekara 50 da kafuwa, dambarwar siyasa da ta ke fama da ita na nuni da tangaɗin da makomarta ke yi.
Tabbatar da zaman lafiya da gida ƙasa
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Bayanan hoto,
H.E. Dr. Omar Alieu Touray, shugaban hukumar gudanarwar ECOWAS a Abuja
A farkon kafuwarta, ECOWAS ta samu yabo da jinjina saboda matakan gaggawa da ta ke ɗauka a kan zaman lafiya da tsaro.
Ta hanyar tawagarta ta ECOMOG, ƙungiyar ta shiga tsakani wajen kawo ƙarshen yaƙin basasa a ƙasashen Liberia da Sierra Leone.
Daga baya kuma ta shiga tsakani a rikicin da aka yi a Côte d’Ivoire da Guinea-Bissau da Gambia.
A hirar sa da BBC, shugaban hukumar gudanarwar ECOWAS, Alieu Omar Touray, ya ce waɗanda suka kafa ƙungiyar sun yi hakan ne da fatan cewa za ta zamo hanyar kawo haɗin kai da ci gaban yankin.
Touray ya ce “Tun da farko an mayar da hankali ne kan yadda za a zamo tsintsiya maɗauri ɗaya tsakanin jama’ar yankin.”
“Fatan ita ce ta hanyar kasuwanci a tsakanin mutanen yankin, za a bunkasa alaƙa da taimakawa wajen fitar da jama’a daga talauci.”
Mr. Touray ya ce ECOWAS ta ci gaba da zama babbar abin koyi wajen bunƙasa harkokin kasuwanci.
“Da katin shaida na ECOWAS, za ka iya tashi daga Lagos zuwa Dakar ba tare da neman visa ba.” Inji Mr. Touray.
Ministan harkokin wajen Najeriya, Ambasada Yusuf Tuggar, ya ce ƙungiyar ta zamo mai tallafawa ƙasashen manbobinta.
Ya ce “Ka ɗauki misalin nasarar da aka samu a ƙarƙashin hukumar lafiya ta ƙasashen yammacin Afirka, WAHO.”
Matsalar diflomasiyya a yankin Sahel
Duk da nasarorin da ta samu, makomar ECOWAS na cikin halin rashin tabbas.
A halin yanzu ƙungiyar tana fama da manyan ƙalubale da suka haɗa da rikicin siyasa a tsakanin mutanen da a baya suke mata kallon abin koyi.
A cikin shekaru huɗu da suka wuce, an kifar da gwamnatoci a Mali, Guinea, Burkina Faso, da Nijar.
Babban ba zatan ECOWAS ya faru ne a cikin watan Yulin 2023, lokacin da sojojin da ke gadin shugaban Nijar, Mohamed Bazoum, suka hamɓarar da gwamnatin sa.
Shugabannin ECOWAS sun bayar da wa’adi ga sojojin domin su janye matakin nasu, kum daga baya suna ƙaƙaba masu takunkumin tattalin arziki.
Wannan ya sa an samu taɓarɓarewa alaƙa tsakanin ECOWAS da ƙasashen Nijar, Burkina Faso, da Mali.
Manazarta sun riƙa tambayar ko ECOWAS ta zama irin karen da baya cizo, saboda ficewar ƙasashen uku.
Alieu Omar Touray ya ce shiga ƙungyar ba tilas bane kuma ƙasashen da ke ciki suna mutumta matakin duk wata ƙasa da ta zaɓ fita.
Rashin nagarta
Ba ficewar ƙasashe ne kaɗai ke barazana ga ECOWAS ba, akwai kuma mutanen yankin da ke bayyana ra’ayoyi mabanbanta a kan tasirin ta.
Wasu sun ce sun yaba da ƙoƙarin ECOWAS amma suna cikin ruɗani game da aiwatar da shirin ta na tabbatar da walwala.
”Mutane da dama ba su iya yin tafiya zuwa wasu ƙasashe cikin kwanciyar hankali saboda ana tare su a kan iyakokin ƙasashe.” In ji Nana Adjei daga Ghana.
Ya yi iƙirarin cewa ana cin mutumcin matafiya tare da karɓar kuɗi a hannun su a kan iyakokin ƙasashen yankin.
Shi ma Marvis Sejuro daga Ghana ya yarda cewa tsarin tafiya ba ya aiki.
“Akwai matsala a tsarin tafiye-tafiyen mu daga ƙasa zuwa ƙasa,”
“Kwanan nan na yi tafiya daga Accra zuwa Lome kuma akwai matsala.”
Yayin da ya rage sauran ƙasashen 12 a ƙungiyar, ana ci gaba da kiran a gudanar da sauye-sauye a ECOWAS.
Amma shugaban hukumar gudanarwar ECOWAS, Omar Alieu Touray, ya ce akwai abubuwa da dama da suka sanya a gaba.
Ya ce “Ina sane cewa mafi rinjayen mutanen yammacin Afirka suna son ECOWAS ta ci gaba da zama mai haɗa kan ƙasashen.”
“Cikin sasanci da laluma za mu iya magance wasu daga cikin matsalolin da suka janyo mana rashin fahimta.”